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Adaptive cruise control ACC is an available cruise control advanced driver-assistance system for road vehicles that automatically adjusts the vehicle speed to maintain a safe distance from vehicles ahead. As of , it is also called by 20 unique names that describe that basic functionality.

This is also known as Dynamic cruise control. Control is based on sensor information from on-board sensors. Such systems may use a radar or laser sensor or a camera setup allowing the vehicle to brake when it detects the car is approaching another vehicle ahead, then accelerate when traffic allows it to. ACC technology is regarded as a key component of future generations of intelligent cars. The technology enhances passenger safety and convenience as well as increasing road capacity by maintaining optimal separation between vehicles and reducing driver errors.

Vehicles with autonomous cruise control are considered a Level 1 autonomous car , as defined by SAE International. Adaptive cruise control does not provide full autonomy: the system only provides some help to the driver, but does not drive the car by itself.

Laser -based systems do not detect and track vehicles in adverse weather conditions nor do they reliably track dirty and therefore non-reflective vehicles. Laser-based sensors must be exposed, the sensor a fairly large black box is typically found in the lower grille, offset to one side.

Radar-based sensors can be hidden behind plastic fascias; however, the fascias may look different from a vehicle without the feature.

For example, Mercedes-Benz packages the radar behind the upper grille in the center and behind a solid plastic panel that has painted slats to simulate the look of the rest of the grille. Single radar systems are the most common. Systems involving multiple sensors use either two similar hardware sensors like the Audi A8 [39] or the Volkswagen Touareg , [40] or one central long range radar coupled with two short radar sensors placed on the corners of the vehicle like the BMW 5 and 6 series.

A more recent development is the binocular computer vision system, such as that introduced to the US market in model year by Subaru. These systems have front-facing video cameras mounted on either side of the rearview mirror and use digital processing to extract depth information from the parallax between the two cameras' views.

Also in certain cars, it is incorporated with a lane maintaining system which provides a power steering assist to reduce steering input burden on corners when the cruise control system is activated.

GPS data can inform the system of geographic features such as a freeway offramp. This could allow the following car to interpret a turn signal by an exit as not requiring the following car to slow down, as the leading car will exit. Predictive systems modify vehicle speed based on predictions of other vehicles' behavior.

Such systems can make earlier, more moderate adjustments to the predicted behavior, improving safety and passenger comfort.

One example is to predict the likelihood of a vehicle in a neighboring lane moving in front of the controlled vehicle. One system predicts a lane change up to five seconds before it occurs. Adaptive cruise control is regulated by european norm ISO Intelligent transport systems — Adaptive cruise control systems — Performance requirements and test procedures.

According to this standard, an ACC is partial automation of longitudinal vehicle control to reduce the workload of the driver on roads where non-motorized vehicles and pedestrians are prohibited.

It does not deal with stationary objects. Motor Authority Review [45]. Active Cruise Control [51]. Discovery 3 and 4 can retrofit L system with custom mounting hardware [67]. Distronic Plus could now completely halt the car if necessary on most sedans. In an episode of Top Gear , Jeremy Clarkson demonstrated the effectiveness of the system by coming to a complete halt from motorway speeds to a round-about and getting out, without touching the pedals.

In , Mercedes introduced Active Brake Assist 4, the first emergency braking assistant with pedestrian recognition. One crash caused by Distronic Plus dates to , when German news magazine " Stern " was testing Mercedes' original Distronic system. During the test, the system did not always manage to brake in time. Later iterations received an upgraded radar and other sensors, which are not disrupted by a metallic environment.

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Cruise control advanced driver-assistance system. Retrieved 25 January Car and Driver. Archived from the original PDF on 11 October Retrieved 30 December Mitsubishi Motors.

Archived from the original on 30 December Retrieved 14 January Retrieved 6 April Archived from the original on 29 December Retrieved 6 May ISBN Archived from the original on 8 September Retrieved 12 October Retrieved 19 January Robert Bosch.

Automotive News Europe. Archived from the original on 22 February Archived from the original on 27 October Archived from the original on 14 December Archived from the original on 31 December Retrieved 10 October The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 21 March Retrieved 26 February Archived from the original on 18 November Retrieved 13 November Retrieved 23 October Archived from the original PDF on 18 January Retrieved 2 December Retrieved 17 February Retrieved 9 March Archived from the original PDF on 14 October Retrieved 19 July Retrieved 25 July Retrieved 10 September Archived from the original PDF on 26 January Retrieved 7 April Retrieved 17 March Retrieved 16 March Retrieved 4 March Retrieved 24 November Retrieved 6 October Archived from the original PDF on 17 April Retrieved 13 January Retrieved 26 April Archived from the original on 20 June Retrieved 11 July Stern in German.

Archived from the original on 24 September Self-driving cars and enabling technologies. History of self-driving cars Impact of self-driving cars Intelligent transportation system Context-aware pervasive systems Mobile computing Smart, connected products Ubiquitous computing Ambient intelligence Internet of things. Lane departure warning system Automatic parking Collision avoidance system Cruise control Adaptive cruise control Advanced driver-assistance systems Driver drowsiness detection Intelligent speed adaptation Blind spot monitor.

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Views Read Edit View history. Help Learn to edit Community portal Recent changes Upload file. Download as PDF Printable version. Adaptive cruise control by the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety example video. Uses OpenCV with no braking.